|
| 1 | +The Founding and Manifesto of |
| 2 | +Futurism |
| 3 | + |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +Original publication in French: Le Figaro, Paris, February 20, 1909 |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +This English-language translation COPYRIGHT ©1973 Thames and |
| 8 | +Hudson Ltd, London. All rights reserved. |
| 9 | + |
| 10 | + |
| 11 | +Source for translation by R.W. Flint reproduced below: |
| 12 | + |
| 13 | + |
| 14 | +Apollonio, Umbro, ed. Documents of 20th Century Art: Futurist |
| 15 | +Manifestos. Brain, Robert, R.W. Flint, J.C. Higgitt, and Caroline Tisdall, |
| 16 | +trans. New York: Viking Press, 1973. 19-24. |
| 17 | + |
| 18 | +The Founding and |
| 19 | +Manifesto of Futurism |
| 20 | +by F. T. Marinetti |
| 21 | + |
| 22 | +We had stayed up all night, my friends and I, under hanging mosque lamps with domes of filigreed brass, |
| 23 | +domes starred like our spirits, shining like them with the prisoned radiance of electric hearts. For hours we had |
| 24 | +trampled our atavistic ennui into rich oriental rugs, arguing up to the last confines of logic and blackening many |
| 25 | +reams of paper with our frenzied scribbling. |
| 26 | + |
| 27 | +An immense pride was buoying us up, because we felt ourselves alone at that hour, alone, awake, and on our |
| 28 | +feet, like proud beacons or forward sentries against an army of hostile stars glaring down at us from their |
| 29 | +celestial encampments. Alone with stokers feeding the hellish fires of great ships, alone with the black spectres |
| 30 | +who grope in the red-hot bellies of locomotives launched on their crazy courses, alone with drunkards reeling |
| 31 | +like wounded birds along the city walls. |
| 32 | + |
| 33 | +Suddenly we jumped, hearing the mighty noise of the huge double-decker trams that rumbled by outside, |
| 34 | +ablaze with colored lights, like villages on holiday suddenly struck and uprooted by the flooding Po and dragged |
| 35 | +over falls and through gourges to the sea. |
| 36 | + |
| 37 | +Then the silence deepened. But, as we listened to the old canal muttering its feeble prayers and the creaking |
| 38 | +bones of sickly palaces above their damp green beards, under the windows we suddenly heard the famished |
| 39 | +roar of automobiles. |
| 40 | + |
| 41 | +'Let's go!' I said. 'Friends, away! Let's go! Mythology and the Mystic Ideal are defeated at last. We're about to |
| 42 | +see the Centaur's birth and, soon after, the first flight of Angels! ... We must shake at the gates of life, test the |
| 43 | +bolts and hinges. Let's go! Look there, on the earth, the very first dawn! There's nothing to match the splendor |
| 44 | +of the sun's red sword, slashing for the first time through our millennial gloom!' |
| 45 | + |
| 46 | +We went up to the three snorting beasts, to lay amorous hands on their torrid breasts. I stretched out on my car |
| 47 | +like a corpse on its bier, but revived at once under the steering wheel, a guillotine blade that threatened my |
| 48 | +stomach. |
| 49 | + |
| 50 | + |
| 51 | +The raging broom of madness swept us out of ourselves and drove us through streets as rough and deep as the |
| 52 | +beds of torrents. Here and there, sick lamplight through window glass taught us to distrust the deceitful |
| 53 | +mathematics of our perishing eyes. |
| 54 | + |
| 55 | +I cried, 'The scent, the scent alone is enough for our beasts.' |
| 56 | + |
| 57 | +And like young lions we ran after Death, its dark pelt blotched with pale crosses as it escaped down the vast |
| 58 | +violet living and throbbing sky. |
| 59 | + |
| 60 | +But we had no ideal Mistress raising her divine form to the clouds, nor any cruel Queen to whom to offer our |
| 61 | +bodies, twisted like Byzantine rings! There was nothing to make us wish for death, unless the wish to be free at |
| 62 | +last from the weight of our courage! |
| 63 | + |
| 64 | +And on we raced, hurling watchdogs against doorsteps, curling them under our burning tires like collars |
| 65 | +under a flatiron. Death, domesticated, met me at every turn, gracefully holding out a paw, or once in a while |
| 66 | +hunkering down, making velvety caressing eyes at me from every puddle. |
| 67 | + |
| 68 | +'Let's break out of the horrible shell of wisdom and throw ourselves like pride-ripened fruit into the wide, |
| 69 | +contorted mouth of the wind! Let's give ourselves utterly to the Unknown, not in desperation but only to |
| 70 | +replenish the deep wells of the Absurd!' |
| 71 | + |
| 72 | +The words were scarcely out of my mouth when I spun my car around with the frenzy of a dog trying to |
| 73 | +bite its tail, and there, suddenly, were two cyclists coming towards me, shaking their fists, wobbling like two |
| 74 | +equally convincing but nevertheless contradictory arguments. Their stupid dilemma was blocking my way — |
| 75 | +Damn! Ouch!... I stopped short and to my disgust rolled over into a ditch with my wheels in the air... |
| 76 | + |
| 77 | +0 maternal ditch, almost full of muddy water! Fair factory drain! I gulped down your nourishing sludge; and I |
| 78 | +remembered the blessed black beast of my Sudanese nurse. . . When I came up — torn, filthy, and stinking — |
| 79 | +from under the capsized car, I felt the white-hot iron of joy deliciously pass through my heart! |
| 80 | + |
| 81 | +A crowd of fishermen with handlines and gouty naturalists were already swarming around the prodigy. With |
| 82 | +patient, loving care those people rigged a tall derrick and iron grapnels to fish out my car, like a big beached |
| 83 | +shark. Up it came from the ditch, slowly, leaving in the bottom, like scales, its heavy framework of good sense |
| 84 | +and its soft upholstery of comfort. |
| 85 | + |
| 86 | +They thought it was dead, my beautiful shark, but a caress from me was enough to revive it; and there it was, |
| 87 | +alive again, running on its powerful fins! |
| 88 | + |
| 89 | +And so, faces smeared with good factory muck — plastered with metallic waste, with senseless sweat, with |
| 90 | +celestial soot — we, bruised, our arms in slings, but unafraid, declared our high intentions to all the living of the |
| 91 | +earth: |
| 92 | + |
| 93 | +MANIFESTO OF FUTURISM |
| 94 | + |
| 95 | +1 . We intend to sing the love of danger, the habit of energy and fearlessness. |
| 96 | + |
| 97 | +2. Courage, audacity, and revolt will be essential elements of our poetry. |
| 98 | + |
| 99 | +3. Up to now literature has exalted a pensive immobility, ecstasy, and sleep. We intend to exalt |
| 100 | +aggresive action, a feverish insomnia, the racer's stride, the mortal leap, the punch and the slap. |
| 101 | + |
| 102 | +4. We affirm that the world's magnificence has been enriched by a new beauty: the beauty of speed. A |
| 103 | +racing car whose hood is adorned with great pipes, like serpents of explosive breath — a roaring car |
| 104 | +that seems to ride on grapeshot is more beautiful than the Victory of Samothrace. |
| 105 | + |
| 106 | +5. We want to hymn the man at the wheel, who hurls the lance of his spirit across the Earth, along the |
| 107 | +circle of its orbit. |
| 108 | + |
| 109 | +6. The poet must spend himself with ardor, splendor, and generosity, to swell the enthusiastic fervor of |
| 110 | +the primordial elements. |
| 111 | + |
| 112 | +7. Except in struggle, there is no more beauty. No work without an aggressive character can be a |
| 113 | +masterpiece. Poetry must be conceived as a violent attack on unknown forces, to reduce and prostrate |
| 114 | +them before man. |
| 115 | + |
| 116 | +8. We stand on the last promontory of the centuries! . . . Why should we look back, when what we want |
| 117 | +is to break down the mysterious doors of the Impossible? Time and Space died yesterday. We already |
| 118 | +live in the absolute, because we have created eternal, omnipresent speed. |
| 119 | + |
| 120 | +9. We will glorify war — the world's only hygiene — militarism, patriotism, the destructive gesture of |
| 121 | +freedom-bringers, beautiful ideas worth dying for, and scorn for woman. |
| 122 | + |
| 123 | +1 0. We will destroy the museums, libraries, academies of every kind, will fight moralism, feminism, every |
| 124 | +opportunistic or utilitarian cowardice. |
| 125 | + |
| 126 | + |
| 127 | + |
| 128 | +11. We will sing of great crowds excited by work, by pleasure, and by riot; we will sing of the |
| 129 | + |
| 130 | +multicolored, polyphonic tides of revolution in the modern capitals; we will sing of the vibrant nightly |
| 131 | +fervor of arsenals and shipyards blazing with violent electric moons; greedy railway stations that |
| 132 | +devour smoke-plumed serpents; factories hung on clouds by the crooked lines of their smoke; bridges |
| 133 | +that stride the rivers like giant gymnasts, flashing in the sun with a glitter of knives; adventurous |
| 134 | +steamers that sniff the horizon; deep-chested locomotives whose wheels paw the tracks like the |
| 135 | +hooves of enormous steel horses bridled by tubing; and the sleek flight of planes whose propellers |
| 136 | +chatter in the wind like banners and seem to cheer like an enthusiastic crowd. |
| 137 | + |
| 138 | +It is from Italy that we launch through the world this violently upsetting incendiary manifesto of ours. With |
| 139 | +it, today, we establish Futurism, because we want to free this land from its smelly gangrene of professors, |
| 140 | +archaeologists, ciceroni and antiquarians. For too long has Italy been a dealer in second-hand clothes. We mean |
| 141 | +to free her from the numberless museums that cover her like so many graveyards. |
| 142 | + |
| 143 | +Museums: cemeteries! . . . Identical, surely, in the sinister promiscuity of so many bodies unknown to one |
| 144 | +another. Museums: public dormitories where one lies forever beside hated or unknown beings. Museums: |
| 145 | +absurd abattoirs of painters and sculptors ferociously slaughtering each other with color-blows and line-blows, |
| 146 | +the length of the fought-over walls! |
| 147 | + |
| 148 | +That one should make an annual pilgrimage, just as one goes to the graveyard on All Souls' Day — that I grant. |
| 149 | +That once a year one should leave a floral tribute beneath the Gioconda, I grant you that. . . But I don't admit |
| 150 | +that our sorrows, our fragile courage, our morbid restlessness should be given a daily conducted tour through |
| 151 | +the museums. Why poison ourselves? Why rot? |
| 152 | + |
| 153 | +And what is there to see in an old picture except the laborious contortions of an artist throwing himself against |
| 154 | +the barriers that thwart his desire to express his dream completely?. . . Admiring an old picture is the same as |
| 155 | +pouring our sensibility into a funerary urn instead of hurtling it far off, in violent spasms of action and |
| 156 | +creation. |
| 157 | + |
| 158 | +Do you, then, wish to waste all your best powers in this eternal and futile worship of the past, from which you |
| 159 | +emerge fatally exhausted, shrunken, beaten down? |
| 160 | + |
| 161 | +In truth I tell you that daily visits to museums, libraries, and academies (cemeteries of empty exertion, Calvaries |
| 162 | +of crucified dreams, registries of aborted beginnings!) are, for artists, as damaging as the prolonged supervision |
| 163 | +by parents of certain young people drunk with their talent and their ambitious wills. When the future is barred |
| 164 | +to them, the admirable past may be a solace for the ills of the moribund, the sickly, the prisoner. . . But we want |
| 165 | +no part of it, the past, we the young and strong Futurists! |
| 166 | + |
| 167 | + |
| 168 | +So let them come, the gay incendiaries with charred fingers! Here they are! Here they are! ... Come on! set fire |
| 169 | +to the library shelves! Turn aside the canals to flood the museums! ... Oh, the joy of seeing the glorious old |
| 170 | +canvases bobbing adrift on those waters, discolored and shredded! . . . Take up your pickaxes, your axes and |
| 171 | +hammers and wreck, wreck the venerable cities, pitilessly! |
| 172 | + |
| 173 | + |
| 174 | +The oldest of us is thirty: so we have at least a decade for finishing our work. When we are forty, other |
| 175 | +younger and stronger men will probably throw us in the wastebasket like useless manuscripts — we want it to |
| 176 | +happen! |
| 177 | + |
| 178 | +They will come against us, our successors, will come from far away, from every quarter, dancing to the winged |
| 179 | +cadence of their first songs, flexing the hooked claws of predators, sniffing doglike at the academy doors the |
| 180 | +strong odor of our decaying minds, which will have already been promised to the literary catacombs. |
| 181 | + |
| 182 | +But we won't be there. . . At last they'll find us — one winter's night — in open country, beneath a sad roof |
| 183 | +drummed by a monotonous rain. They'll see us crouched beside our trembling aeroplanes in the act of warming |
| 184 | +our hands at the poor little blaze that our books of today will give out when they take fire from the flight of our |
| 185 | +images. |
| 186 | + |
| 187 | +They'll storm around us, panting with scorn and anguish, and all of them, exasperated by our proud daring, will |
| 188 | +hurtle to kill us, driven by a hatred the more implacable the more their hearts will be drunk with love and |
| 189 | +admiration for us. |
| 190 | + |
| 191 | +Injustice, strong and sane, will break out radiantly in their eyes. |
| 192 | + |
| 193 | +Art, in fact, can be nothing but violence, cruelty, and injustice. |
| 194 | + |
| 195 | + |
| 196 | + |
| 197 | +The oldest of us is thirty: even so we have already scattered treasures, a thousand treasures of force, love, |
| 198 | +courage, astuteness, and raw will-power; have thrown them impatiently away, with fury, carelessly, |
| 199 | +unhesitatingly, breathless, and unresting. . . Look at us! We are still untired! Our hearts know no weariness |
| 200 | +because they are fed with fire, hatred, and speed! ... Does that amaze you? |
| 201 | + |
| 202 | +It should, because you can never remember having lived! Erect on the summit of the world, once again we hurl |
| 203 | +our defiance at the stars! You have objections? — Enough! Enough! We know them... We've |
| 204 | +understood!... Our fine deceitful intelligence tells us that we are the revival and extension of our ancestors — |
| 205 | +Perhaps! ... If only it were so! — But who cares? We don't want to understand! ... Woe to anyone who says |
| 206 | +those infamous words to us again! |
| 207 | + |
| 208 | +Lift up your heads! |
| 209 | + |
| 210 | +Erect on the summit of the world, once again we hurl defiance to the stars! |
0 commit comments