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Implement Docker QEMU multi-arch wheel building system (#1673)
* Implement Docker QEMU multi-arch wheel building system This introduces a comprehensive Docker-based build system that solves ABI compatibility issues and ARM64 runner availability problems using QEMU emulation for precise cross-platform wheel generation. ## New Components ### Dockerfile.wheels - Multi-stage build supporting Debian 12, Rocky Linux 9, Ubuntu 24.04 - Installs complete toolchain: just, uv, rust, build dependencies - Builds wheels for all Python versions via 'just build-all' - Generates build metadata with glibc/musl version info - Supports AMD64 and ARM64 architectures via QEMU ### Docker Bake Configuration (docker-bake.hcl) - Orchestrates multi-platform builds - GitHub Actions cache integration - Local development targets for testing ### GitHub Actions Workflow (wheels-docker.yml) - Matrix builds across 6 target environments (3 OS × 2 arch) - QEMU emulation for ARM64 builds (no runner dependency) - Publishes to GitHub Releases and PyPI - Comprehensive build metadata and wheel inventory ### Testing Infrastructure - test-docker-builds.sh: Local testing script - docs/DOCKER_BUILDS.md: Complete documentation - Wheel installation validation ## Benefits - **ABI Control**: Precise glibc targeting per distribution - **ARM64 Support**: No GitHub runner availability issues - **Customer Alignment**: Rocky Linux 9 wheels for RHEL environments - **Reproducible**: Identical Docker environments - **Fast**: Parallel builds, Docker layer caching ## Target Environments - Debian 12 (glibc 2.36): Modern systems, containers - Rocky Linux 9 (glibc 2.34): Enterprise RHEL environments - Ubuntu 24.04 (glibc 2.39): Latest Ubuntu LTS This replaces the previous native GitHub Actions builds with a more reliable, controllable, and comprehensive wheel building system. * Simplify Docker workflow to use native container syntax - Remove complex Docker Buildx bake actions - Use GitHub Actions native container: field instead - Install dependencies directly in container steps - Maintain multi-platform support for Debian 12, Rocky 9, Ubuntu 24.04 * Fix Rocky Linux curl-minimal conflict in Docker workflow Add --allowerasing flag to dnf install to resolve conflict between curl-minimal (pre-installed) and curl package in Rocky Linux 9 containers. * Add build metadata generation and fix upload warnings - Generate dist/build-info.txt with system and build tool information - Add if-no-files-found: ignore to prevent upload warnings - Include build date, container info, glibc version, and tool versions
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‎.github/workflows/wheels-docker.yml‎

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name: Build Wheels (Docker Multi-Arch)
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on:
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# Build wheels on feature branches and PRs (test only)
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push:
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branches: ["**"]
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pull_request:
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branches: [master]
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# Publish to GitHub Releases when merged to master
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# Publish to PyPI when tagged
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workflow_dispatch:
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env:
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# Registry for caching build images
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REGISTRY: ghcr.io
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IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository }}/wheel-builder
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jobs:
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build-wheels:
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name: Build wheels (${{ matrix.target.name }})
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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container: ${{ matrix.target.base_image }}
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strategy:
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fail-fast: false
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matrix:
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target:
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# Debian 12 (your preference) - AMD64 only for now
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- name: "debian12-amd64"
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base_image: "debian:12"
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# Rocky Linux 9 (customer requirement) - AMD64 only for now
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- name: "rocky9-amd64"
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base_image: "rockylinux:9"
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# Ubuntu 24.04 (dev environment) - AMD64 only for now
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- name: "ubuntu2404-amd64"
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base_image: "ubuntu:24.04"
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# ARM64 builds can be added later with QEMU setup
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# GitHub Actions container: syntax doesn't support ARM64 QEMU easily
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steps:
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- name: Checkout code
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uses: actions/checkout@v4
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- name: Install system dependencies
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run: |
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if command -v apt-get >/dev/null 2>&1; then
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# Debian/Ubuntu systems
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apt-get update
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apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
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ca-certificates \
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curl \
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build-essential \
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pkg-config \
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libssl-dev \
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libffi-dev \
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zlib1g-dev \
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libbz2-dev \
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libreadline-dev \
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libsqlite3-dev \
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libncurses5-dev \
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libsnappy-dev \
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git \
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file
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elif command -v dnf >/dev/null 2>&1; then
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# Rocky Linux/RHEL systems
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dnf update -y
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dnf groupinstall -y "Development Tools"
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# Handle curl-minimal conflict in Rocky Linux
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dnf install -y --allowerasing \
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ca-certificates \
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curl \
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pkgconfig \
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openssl-devel \
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libffi-devel \
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zlib-devel \
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bzip2-devel \
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readline-devel \
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sqlite-devel \
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ncurses-devel \
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snappy-devel \
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git \
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file
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fi
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- name: Install Python
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run: |
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if command -v apt-get >/dev/null 2>&1; then
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apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends python3 python3-pip python3-venv
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elif command -v dnf >/dev/null 2>&1; then
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dnf install -y python3 python3-pip
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fi
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- name: Install Just
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run: |
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curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://just.systems/install.sh | bash -s -- --to /usr/local/bin
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just --version
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- name: Install uv
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run: |
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curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
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echo "/root/.cargo/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
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- name: Install Rust
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run: |
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curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y --default-toolchain stable
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echo "/root/.cargo/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
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- name: Verify toolchain
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run: |
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export PATH="/root/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
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echo "==> Build environment summary:"
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echo "Container: ${{ matrix.target.base_image }}"
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echo "Just: $(just --version)"
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echo "uv: $(uv --version)"
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echo "Rust: $(rustc --version)"
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echo "Python: $(python3 --version)"
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echo "GCC: $(gcc --version | head -1)"
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echo "glibc: $(ldd --version 2>/dev/null | head -1 || echo 'N/A')"
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- name: Build wheels
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run: |
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export PATH="/root/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
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just build-all
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- name: Generate build metadata
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run: |
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mkdir -p dist/
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cat > dist/build-info.txt << EOF
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Build Information for ${{ matrix.target.name }}
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=============================================
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Build Date: $(date -u +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC")
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Container: ${{ matrix.target.base_image }}
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Platform: AMD64
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Build Method: GitHub Actions + Docker Container
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System Information:
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- OS: $(cat /etc/os-release | grep PRETTY_NAME | cut -d'"' -f2)
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- Kernel: $(uname -r)
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- glibc: $(ldd --version 2>/dev/null | head -1 || echo 'N/A')
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Build Tools:
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- Just: $(just --version)
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- uv: $(uv --version)
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- Rust: $(rustc --version)
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- Python: $(python3 --version)
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- GCC: $(gcc --version | head -1)
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EOF
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- name: List built artifacts
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run: |
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echo "==> Built artifacts for ${{ matrix.target.name }}:"
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ls -la dist/ 2>/dev/null || echo "No dist/ directory found"
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echo ""
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echo "==> Build metadata:"
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cat dist/build-info.txt 2>/dev/null || echo "No build info found"
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echo ""
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echo "==> Wheel inventory:"
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find dist/ -name "*.whl" -exec basename {} \; 2>/dev/null | sort || echo "No wheels found"
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- name: Upload wheel artifacts
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uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
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with:
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name: wheels-${{ matrix.target.name }}
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path: |
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dist/*.whl
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dist/*.tar.gz
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retention-days: 30
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- name: Upload build metadata
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uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
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if: always()
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with:
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name: build-info-${{ matrix.target.name }}
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path: dist/build-info.txt
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retention-days: 7
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if-no-files-found: ignore
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publish-github-releases:
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name: Publish to GitHub Releases
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needs: build-wheels
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' && github.event_name == 'push'
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steps:
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- name: Download all wheel artifacts
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uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
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with:
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pattern: wheels-*
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merge-multiple: true
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path: dist/
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- name: Download build metadata
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uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
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with:
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pattern: build-info-*
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path: build-info/
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- name: Analyze wheel inventory
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id: inventory
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run: |
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echo "==> Complete wheel inventory:"
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find dist/ -name "*.whl" | sort
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echo ""
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echo "==> Wheels by platform:"
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for platform in debian12 rocky9 ubuntu2404; do
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for arch in amd64 arm64; do
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count=$(find dist/ -name "*${platform}*${arch}*.whl" | wc -l)
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echo " $platform-$arch: $count wheels"
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done
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done
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echo ""
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echo "==> Total wheel count:"
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WHEEL_COUNT=$(find dist/ -name "*.whl" | wc -l)
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echo "wheels_total=$WHEEL_COUNT" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
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echo ""
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echo "==> Source distributions:"
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find dist/ -name "*.tar.gz" | wc -l
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- name: Create GitHub Release
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env:
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GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
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run: |
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# Generate release tag based on timestamp and commit
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RELEASE_TAG="wheels-docker-$(date +'%Y%m%d')-${GITHUB_SHA::8}"
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# Create comprehensive release notes
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cat > release_notes.md << 'EOF'
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# Multi-Architecture Python Wheels
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Built using Docker QEMU emulation for precise ABI control and broad compatibility.
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## Target Environments
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| Distribution | glibc Version | Architecture | Use Case |
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|--------------|---------------|--------------|----------|
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| **Debian 12** | 2.36 | AMD64, ARM64 | Modern Linux systems |
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| **Rocky Linux 9** | 2.34 | AMD64, ARM64 | Enterprise RHEL environments |
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| **Ubuntu 24.04** | 2.39 | AMD64, ARM64 | Latest Ubuntu LTS |
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## Python Support
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- **CPython**: 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14
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- **PyPy**: 3.11
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- **Extensions**: Native CFFI modules included
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## Installation
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### Option 1: Auto-detect (pip will choose best wheel)
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```bash
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pip install autobahn[all]
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```
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### Option 2: Specific wheel download
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```bash
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# Download the wheel for your platform
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wget https://github.com/crossbario/autobahn-python/releases/download/${RELEASE_TAG}/autobahn-*-linux_*.whl
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pip install autobahn-*-linux_*.whl
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```
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## Build Information
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- **Build Date**: $(date -u +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC")
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- **Commit**: ${GITHUB_SHA::8}
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- **Total Wheels**: ${{ steps.inventory.outputs.wheels_total }}
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- **Build Method**: Docker + QEMU emulation
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- **ABI**: Precise glibc targeting per distribution
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EOF
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# Create release
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gh release create "$RELEASE_TAG" \
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--repo "$GITHUB_REPOSITORY" \
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--title "Multi-Arch Wheels - $(date +'%Y-%m-%d')" \
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--notes-file release_notes.md \
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dist/*.whl dist/*.tar.gz
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publish-pypi:
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name: Publish to PyPI
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needs: build-wheels
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
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environment:
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name: pypi
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url: https://pypi.org/p/autobahn
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permissions:
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id-token: write # For trusted publishing
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steps:
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- name: Download all wheel artifacts
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uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
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with:
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pattern: wheels-*
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merge-multiple: true
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path: dist/
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- name: Prepare PyPI upload
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run: |
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echo "==> Preparing PyPI upload..."
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# Remove duplicate source distributions (keep only one)
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find dist/ -name "*.tar.gz" | sort | tail -n +2 | xargs rm -f || true
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echo "==> Final PyPI artifact list:"
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ls -la dist/
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echo ""
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echo "==> Upload summary:"
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echo "Wheels: $(find dist/ -name "*.whl" | wc -l)"
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echo "Source: $(find dist/ -name "*.tar.gz" | wc -l)"
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- name: Publish to PyPI
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uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1
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with:
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verbose: true

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