diff --git a/tests/antithesis/Dockerfile.config b/tests/antithesis/Dockerfile.config
index 39571f67111..9c796f6f3fc 100644
--- a/tests/antithesis/Dockerfile.config
+++ b/tests/antithesis/Dockerfile.config
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ FROM golang:$GO_VERSION AS build
 RUN go install github.com/a8m/envsubst/cmd/envsubst@v1.4.3
 
 ARG IMAGE_TAG
-COPY docker-compose.yml /docker-compose.yml.template
+ARG NODE_COUNT
+COPY docker-compose-${NODE_COUNT}-node.yml /docker-compose.yml.template
 RUN IMAGE_TAG=${IMAGE_TAG} cat /docker-compose.yml.template | envsubst > /docker-compose.yml
 
 FROM scratch
diff --git a/tests/antithesis/Makefile b/tests/antithesis/Makefile
index 23308872ae4..5b2ee7a452e 100644
--- a/tests/antithesis/Makefile
+++ b/tests/antithesis/Makefile
@@ -5,9 +5,14 @@ ARCH ?= $(shell go env GOARCH)
 REF = main
 IMAGE_TAG = latest
 
+CFG_NODE_COUNT ?= 3
+
 .PHONY: antithesis-build-client-docker-image
-antithesis-build-client-docker-image:
-	docker build --build-arg GO_VERSION=$(shell cat $(REPOSITORY_ROOT)/.go-version) -f $(REPOSITORY_ROOT)/tests/antithesis/test-template/Dockerfile $(REPOSITORY_ROOT) -t etcd-client:latest
+antithesis-build-client-docker-image: validate-node-count
+	docker build \
+		--build-arg GO_VERSION=$(shell cat $(REPOSITORY_ROOT)/.go-version) \
+		--build-arg CFG_NODE_COUNT=$(CFG_NODE_COUNT) \
+		-f $(REPOSITORY_ROOT)/tests/antithesis/test-template/Dockerfile $(REPOSITORY_ROOT) -t etcd-client:latest
 
 .PHONY: antithesis-build-etcd-image
 antithesis-build-etcd-image:
@@ -30,30 +35,39 @@ antithesis-build-etcd-image-main: REF=main
 antithesis-build-etcd-image-main: antithesis-build-etcd-image
 
 .PHONY: antithesis-build-config-image
-antithesis-build-config-image:
-	docker build -f ./Dockerfile.config . -t etcd-config:latest --build-arg IMAGE_TAG=$(IMAGE_TAG)
+antithesis-build-config-image: validate-node-count
+	docker build -f ./Dockerfile.config . -t etcd-config:latest \
+		--build-arg IMAGE_TAG=$(IMAGE_TAG) \
+		--build-arg NODE_COUNT=$(CFG_NODE_COUNT)
 
 .PHONY: antithesis-docker-compose-up
-antithesis-docker-compose-up:
-	export USER_ID=$(USER_ID) && export GROUP_ID=$(GROUP_ID) && docker-compose up
+antithesis-docker-compose-up: validate-node-count
+	export USER_ID=$(USER_ID) && export GROUP_ID=$(GROUP_ID) && docker compose -f docker-compose-$(CFG_NODE_COUNT)-node.yml up
 
 .PHONY: antithesis-run-container-traffic
-antithesis-run-container-traffic:
-	export USER_ID=$(USER_ID) && export GROUP_ID=$(GROUP_ID) && docker-compose exec client /opt/antithesis/test/v1/robustness/singleton_driver_traffic
+antithesis-run-container-traffic: validate-node-count
+	export USER_ID=$(USER_ID) && export GROUP_ID=$(GROUP_ID) && docker compose -f docker-compose-$(CFG_NODE_COUNT)-node.yml exec client /opt/antithesis/test/v1/robustness/singleton_driver_traffic
 
 .PHONY: antithesis-run-container-validation
-antithesis-run-container-validation:
-	export USER_ID=$(USER_ID) && export GROUP_ID=$(GROUP_ID) && docker-compose exec client /opt/antithesis/test/v1/robustness/finally_validation
+antithesis-run-container-validation: validate-node-count
+	export USER_ID=$(USER_ID) && export GROUP_ID=$(GROUP_ID) && docker compose -f docker-compose-$(CFG_NODE_COUNT)-node.yml exec client /opt/antithesis/test/v1/robustness/finally_validation
 
 .PHONY: antithesis-run-local-traffic
 antithesis-run-local-traffic:
-	go run --race ./test-template/robustness/traffic/main.go --local
+	go run -ldflags "-X main.NodeCount=$(CFG_NODE_COUNT)" --race ./test-template/robustness/traffic/main.go --local
 
 .PHONY: antithesis-run-local-validation
 antithesis-run-local-validation:
-	go run --race ./test-template/robustness/finally/main.go --local
+	go run -ldflags "-X main.NodeCount=$(CFG_NODE_COUNT)" --race ./test-template/robustness/finally/main.go --local
 
 .PHONY: antithesis-clean
-antithesis-clean:
-	export USER_ID=$(USER_ID) && export GROUP_ID=$(GROUP_ID) && docker-compose down
+antithesis-clean: validate-node-count
+	export USER_ID=$(USER_ID) && export GROUP_ID=$(GROUP_ID) && docker compose -f docker-compose-$(CFG_NODE_COUNT)-node.yml down --remove-orphans
 	rm -rf /tmp/etcddata0 /tmp/etcddata1 /tmp/etcddata2 /tmp/etcdreport
+
+.PHONY: validate-node-count
+validate-node-count:
+	@if [ "$(CFG_NODE_COUNT)" != "1" ] && [ "$(CFG_NODE_COUNT)" != "3" ]; then \
+		echo "CFG_NODE_COUNT must be either 1 or 3 (got $(CFG_NODE_COUNT))"; \
+		exit 1; \
+	fi
diff --git a/tests/antithesis/docker-compose-1-node.yml b/tests/antithesis/docker-compose-1-node.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..37f8fe9ce9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/antithesis/docker-compose-1-node.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+---
+services:
+  # This is needed for creating non-root data folders on host.
+  # By default, if the folders don't exist when mounting, compose creates them with root as owner.
+  # With root owner, accessing the WAL files from local tests will fail due to an unauthorized access error.
+  init:
+    image: 'docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest'
+    user: root
+    group_add:
+      - '${GROUP_ID:-root}'
+    volumes:
+      - ${ETCD_ROBUSTNESS_DATA_PATH:-/tmp/etcddata}0:/var/etcddata0
+      - ${ETCD_ROBUSTNESS_REPORT_PATH:-/tmp/etcdreport}:/var/report
+    command:
+      - /bin/sh
+      - -c
+      - |
+        rm -rf /var/etcddata0/* /var/report/*
+        chown -R ${USER_ID:-root}:${GROUP_ID:-root} /var/etcddata0 /var/report
+
+  etcd0:
+    image: 'etcd-server:${IMAGE_TAG:-latest}'
+    container_name: etcd0
+    hostname: etcd0
+    environment:
+      ETCD_NAME: "etcd0"
+      ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS: "http://etcd0:2380"
+      ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS: "http://0.0.0.0:2380"
+      ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS: "http://0.0.0.0:2379"
+      ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS: "http://etcd0.etcd:2379"
+      ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN: "etcd-cluster-1"
+      ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER: "etcd0=http://etcd0:2380"
+      ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE: "new"
+      ETCD_DATA_DIR: "/var/etcd/data"
+    user: "${USER_ID:-root}:${GROUP_ID:-root}"
+    depends_on:
+      init:
+        condition: service_completed_successfully
+    ports:
+      - 12379:2379
+    volumes:
+      - ${ETCD_ROBUSTNESS_DATA_PATH:-/tmp/etcddata}0:/var/etcd/data
+
+  client:
+    image: 'etcd-client:${IMAGE_TAG:-latest}'
+    container_name: client
+    entrypoint: ["/opt/antithesis/entrypoint/entrypoint"]
+    user: "${USER_ID:-root}:${GROUP_ID:-root}"
+    depends_on:
+      etcd0:
+        condition: service_started
+    volumes:
+      - ${ETCD_ROBUSTNESS_DATA_PATH:-/tmp/etcddata}0:/var/etcddata0
+      - ${ETCD_ROBUSTNESS_REPORT_PATH:-/tmp/etcdreport}:/var/report
diff --git a/tests/antithesis/docker-compose.yml b/tests/antithesis/docker-compose-3-node.yml
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/antithesis/docker-compose.yml
rename to tests/antithesis/docker-compose-3-node.yml
diff --git a/tests/antithesis/test-template/Dockerfile b/tests/antithesis/test-template/Dockerfile
index b4c9d0329a4..04f9ee66e37 100644
--- a/tests/antithesis/test-template/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/antithesis/test-template/Dockerfile
@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@ ARG GO_VERSION=1.24.4
 ARG ARCH=amd64
 
 FROM golang:$GO_VERSION
+ARG CFG_NODE_COUNT=3
 WORKDIR /build
 COPY . .
 
 WORKDIR /build/tests
-RUN go build -o /opt/antithesis/entrypoint/entrypoint -race ./antithesis/test-template/entrypoint/main.go
-RUN go build -o /opt/antithesis/test/v1/robustness/singleton_driver_traffic -race ./antithesis/test-template/robustness/traffic/main.go
-RUN go build -o /opt/antithesis/test/v1/robustness/finally_validation -race ./antithesis/test-template/robustness/finally/main.go
+RUN go build -ldflags "-X main.NodeCount=$CFG_NODE_COUNT" -o /opt/antithesis/entrypoint/entrypoint -race ./antithesis/test-template/entrypoint/main.go
+RUN go build -ldflags "-X main.NodeCount=$CFG_NODE_COUNT" -o /opt/antithesis/test/v1/robustness/singleton_driver_traffic -race ./antithesis/test-template/robustness/traffic/main.go
+RUN go build -ldflags "-X main.NodeCount=$CFG_NODE_COUNT" -o /opt/antithesis/test/v1/robustness/finally_validation -race ./antithesis/test-template/robustness/finally/main.go
diff --git a/tests/antithesis/test-template/entrypoint/main.go b/tests/antithesis/test-template/entrypoint/main.go
index cf2f46f75f2..ab9e365b3dd 100644
--- a/tests/antithesis/test-template/entrypoint/main.go
+++ b/tests/antithesis/test-template/entrypoint/main.go
@@ -24,14 +24,19 @@ import (
 	"github.com/antithesishq/antithesis-sdk-go/lifecycle"
 
 	clientv3 "go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v3"
+	"go.etcd.io/etcd/tests/v3/antithesis/test-template/robustness/common"
 )
 
 // Sleep duration
 const SLEEP = 10
 
+var NodeCount = "3"
+
 // CheckHealth checks health of all etcd nodes
 func CheckHealth() bool {
-	nodeOptions := []string{"etcd0", "etcd1", "etcd2"}
+	cfg := common.MakeConfig(NodeCount)
+
+	nodeOptions := []string{"etcd0", "etcd1", "etcd2"}[:cfg.NodeCount]
 
 	// iterate over each node and check health
 	for _, node := range nodeOptions {
diff --git a/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/common/config.go b/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/common/config.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..97a8ef39637
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/common/config.go
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The etcd Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package common
+
+import "strconv"
+
+type Config struct {
+	NodeCount int
+}
+
+func MakeConfig(nodeCount string) *Config {
+	cfg := &Config{}
+
+	cfg.NodeCount, _ = strconv.Atoi(nodeCount)
+
+	return cfg
+}
diff --git a/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/common/path.go b/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/common/path.go
index 7c0e9e02a80..492da9ea2a8 100644
--- a/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/common/path.go
+++ b/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/common/path.go
@@ -38,23 +38,23 @@ const (
 	localReportPath          = "report"
 )
 
-func DefaultPaths() (string, []string, map[string]string) {
-	hosts := []string{defaultetcd0, defaultetcd1, defaultetcd2}
-	reportPath := defaultReportPath
-	dataPaths := etcdDataPaths(defaultetcdDataPath, len(hosts))
-	return reportPath, hosts, dataPaths
+func DefaultPaths(cfg *Config) (hosts []string, reportPath string, dataPaths map[string]string) {
+	hosts = []string{defaultetcd0, defaultetcd1, defaultetcd2}[:cfg.NodeCount]
+	reportPath = defaultReportPath
+	dataPaths = etcdDataPaths(defaultetcdDataPath, cfg.NodeCount)
+	return hosts, reportPath, dataPaths
 }
 
-func LocalPaths() (string, []string, map[string]string) {
-	hosts := []string{localetcd0, localetcd1, localetcd2}
-	reportPath := localReportPath
+func LocalPaths(cfg *Config) (hosts []string, reportPath string, dataPaths map[string]string) {
+	hosts = []string{localetcd0, localetcd1, localetcd2}[:cfg.NodeCount]
+	reportPath = localReportPath
 	etcdDataPath := defaultetcdLocalDataPath
 	envPath := os.Getenv(localetcdDataPathEnv)
 	if envPath != "" {
 		etcdDataPath = envPath + "%d"
 	}
-	dataPaths := etcdDataPaths(etcdDataPath, len(hosts))
-	return reportPath, hosts, dataPaths
+	dataPaths = etcdDataPaths(etcdDataPath, cfg.NodeCount)
+	return hosts, reportPath, dataPaths
 }
 
 func etcdDataPaths(dir string, amount int) map[string]string {
diff --git a/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/finally/main.go b/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/finally/main.go
index 8f2bcac48f3..7eb2822344b 100644
--- a/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/finally/main.go
+++ b/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/finally/main.go
@@ -35,13 +35,17 @@ const (
 	reportFileName = "history.html"
 )
 
+var NodeCount = "3"
+
 func main() {
 	local := flag.Bool("local", false, "run finally locally and connect to etcd instances via localhost")
 	flag.Parse()
 
-	reportPath, _, dirs := common.DefaultPaths()
+	cfg := common.MakeConfig(NodeCount)
+
+	_, reportPath, dirs := common.DefaultPaths(cfg)
 	if *local {
-		reportPath, _, dirs = common.LocalPaths()
+		_, reportPath, dirs = common.LocalPaths(cfg)
 	}
 
 	lg, err := zap.NewProduction()
diff --git a/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/traffic/main.go b/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/traffic/main.go
index de7f18de175..e4f372cdf25 100644
--- a/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/traffic/main.go
+++ b/tests/antithesis/test-template/robustness/traffic/main.go
@@ -54,15 +54,18 @@ var (
 		traffic.EtcdPutDeleteLease,
 		traffic.Kubernetes,
 	}
+	NodeCount = "3"
 )
 
 func main() {
 	local := flag.Bool("local", false, "run tests locally and connect to etcd instances via localhost")
 	flag.Parse()
 
-	reportPath, hosts, etcdetcdDataPaths := common.DefaultPaths()
+	cfg := common.MakeConfig(NodeCount)
+
+	hosts, reportPath, etcdetcdDataPaths := common.DefaultPaths(cfg)
 	if *local {
-		reportPath, hosts, etcdetcdDataPaths = common.LocalPaths()
+		hosts, reportPath, etcdetcdDataPaths = common.LocalPaths(cfg)
 	}
 
 	ctx := context.Background()