Reduce the number of MSVC warnings in CI workflow builds on Windows

[afarber]

Fix the #7253 by:

• Add MSVC warning management to cmake/warnings.cmake
• Suppress informational warnings while keeping bug-indicating ones
• Fix type safety warnings in xor_fast_hash.hpp and contracted_edge_container.hpp
• Replace -1ULL by std::numeric_limits::max()
• Add few safe casts to fix the warning C4244

Tasklist

• CHANGELOG.md entry (How to write a changelog entry)
• update relevant Wiki pages
• add tests (see testing documentation)
• review
• adjust for comments

Requirements / Relations

Link any requirements here. Other pull requests this PR is based on?

[afarber]

Hi @SiarheiFedartsou and @DennisOSRM currently the Build log for conan-windows-release-node is very large, sometimes even not viewable in a web browser.

Please review my PR, it reduces the number of MSVC compiler warnings significantly